Family CENTROCUBIDAE Hollande & Enjumet, 1960 sensu De Wever et al. (2001) Centrocubidae Hollande & Enjumet, 1960: 48, 51, 69, 120-121. — Petrushevskaya 1975: 571. — Anderson 1983: 52. — Dumitrica 1983a: 224 [in Spumellaria]; 1984: 95. — Cachon & Cachon 1985: 286 [in Order Cryptoaxoplastida]. — Kiessling 1999: 44 [in Entactinaria]. — De Wever et al. 2001: 197, 200 [in Entactinaria]. — Afanasieva et al. 2005: S278 [in Order Capsulata]. — Afanasieva & Amon 2006: 116. Centrocubinae – Petrushevskaya 1979: 108. — Kozur & Mostler 1979:15. TYPE GENUS. — Centrocubus Haeckel, 1887: 277 [type species by subsequent designation (Campbell 1954: D66): Centrocubus cladostylus Haeckel, 1887: 278]. INCLUDED GENERA (CENOZOIC ONLY). — Centrocubus Haeckel, 1887: 277. — Octodendron Haeckel, 1887: 279 (= Octodendridium with the same type species; Heterospongus n. syn.). NOMEN DUBIUM. — Octodendronium. DIAGNOSIS. — The central structure is constructed of a cubic frame and eight rays emerging from the cubic frame. The external part outside the cubic frame consists of a spherical shell made of homogenous layers of coarse polygonal meshes, or a spherical shell made of coarse polygonal meshes. Eight or more radial bladed spines are present. Eight radial spines directly arise from the eight internal rays while the remaining radial spines appear at some points of the shell and are made of coarse polygonal meshes. The protoplasm is observed in Centrocubus. The endoplasm occupies the central part and appears as a dark brown sphere surrounded by a brownish grey ectoplasm. The ectoplasm is distributed in the inner half of the meshed shell. In regard to the axopodial system of an anaxoplastid-type; no axoplast and no bundles of axonemes are observed. The central structure is attached to the nucleus which is located at the center of the intracapsular zone. Instead of bundles of axoneme, the axoneme densely radiates throughout the endoplasm. No algal symbionts were detected. STRATIGRAPHIC OCCURRENCE. — early Middle ...